Search arXivSearch

arXiv · 2403.14179

AdaProj: Adaptively Scaled Angular Margin Subspace Projections for Anomalous Sound Detection with Auxiliary Classification Tasks

Abstract

The state-of-the-art approach for semi-supervised anomalous sound detection is to first learn an embedding space by using auxiliary classification tasks based on meta information or self-supervised learning and then estimate the distribution of normal data. In this work, AdaProj a novel loss function for training the embedding model is presented. In contrast to commonly used angular margin losses, which project data of each class as close as possible to their corresponding class centers, AdaProj learns to project data onto class-specific subspaces while still ensuring an angular margin between classes. By doing so, the resulting distributions of the embeddings belonging to normal data are not required to be as restrictive as other loss functions allowing a more detailed view on the data. In experiments conducted on the DCASE2022 and DCASE2023 anomalous sound detection datasets, it is shown that using AdaProj to learn an embedding space significantly outperforms other commonly used loss functions.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Kevin Wilkinghoff. 2024-08-22. AdaProj: Adaptively Scaled Angular Margin Subspace Projections for Anomalous Sound Detection with Auxiliary Classification Tasks. https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.14179

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

Revisiting Lexicon Evaluation in Unsupervised Word Discovery

Building a lexicon from discovered word-like units is a central goal in zero-resource speech processing. But do our evaluations provide a trustworthy indication of lexicon quality? A common metric, normalized edit distance, averages the phoneme edit distances between discovered units in each cluster. We show that this metric has an inherent bias toward the quality of large clusters, inhibiting fair evaluation. Moreover, it ignores how well true classes are distributed across clusters. Based on established theory in clustering literature, we propose two metrics that address these shortcomings: a modified metric that weighs cluster size when assessing within-cluster consistency, and an inverse metric that assesses how true words are spread across clusters. Through experiments on synthetic and real-world lexicons, we demonstrate that combined, these metrics are: (1) more closely correlated with how similar a lexicon is to the ground-truth distribution, and (2) more robust to biases that skew lexicon evaluations.

eess.AS

AURA: Uncertainty-Routed Activation Editing for Acoustic Grounding in Speech Foundation Models

Attention encoder-decoder (AED) Speech Foundation Models achieve strong ASR performance but can generate acoustically unsupported text when inputs contain no speech, weak acoustic evidence, or unreliable transcription. We propose AURA: Activation-editing with Uncertainty-Routed Adaptation, an ultra-efficient representation-editing method that freezes the pretrained model and applies sparse scale-and-shift edits to decoder cross-attention heads. AURA dynamically routes edits using cross-attention uncertainty features that capture over-concentration, diffuse attention, and abrupt frame shifts. We evaluate AURA on four datasets spanning non-speech hallucination and speech grounding stressors, including imperfect-label child speech, imperfect-label adult speech, and disfluent speech. On non-speech audio, AURA reduces hallucination rate from 89.18% to 1.94% without prior hallucination-head identification. On imperfect-label corpora, AURA approaches LoRA WER while using roughly 500x fewer trainable parameters. Sensitivity analysis and qualitative cross-attention examples are consistent with AURA's uncertainty-routed editing behavior, supporting dynamic activation editing as a practical path for grounding AED speech models.

eess.AS

The design of an optomechanical microphone using a photonic waveguide interferometer

We present an optomechanical microphone based on a diaphragm-integrated photonic waveguide Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Acoustic pressure deforms the MEMS diaphragm, inducing strain in the sensing waveguide and changing its optical path length. We analytically evaluate the optical and mechanical transduction mechanisms and key figures of merit, including signal-to-noise ratio, dynamic range, acoustic overload pressure, and minimum detectable pressure. Two design cases are considered: a MEMS microphone and a measurement microphone. The results indicate competitive performance but no substantial overall advantage over state-of-the-art microphones in conventional applications. The architecture may nevertheless offer advantages for high-temperature and other harsh-environment sensing applications.

eess.AS