Topological Minors in Typical Lifts

Abstract

An $\ell$-lift of a graph $G$ is any graph obtained by replacing every vertex of $G$ with an independent set of size $\ell$, and connecting every pair of two such independent sets that correspond to an edge in $G$ by a matching of size $\ell$. Graph lifts have found numerous interesting applications and connections to a variety of areas over the years. Of particular importance is the random graph model obtained by considering an $\ell$-lift of a graph sampled uniformly at random. This model was first introduced by Amit and Linial in 1999, and has been extensively investigated since. In this paper, we study the size of the largest topological clique in random lifts of complete graphs. In 2006, Drier and Linial raised the conjecture that almost all $\ell$-lifts of the complete graph on $n$ vertices contain a subdivision of a clique of order $Ω(n)$ as a subgraph provided $\ell$ is at least linear in $n$. We confirm their conjecture in a strong form by showing that for $\ell \ge (1+o(1))n$, one can almost surely find a subdivision of a clique of order $n$. We prove that this is tight by showing that for $\ell \le (1-o(1))n$, almost all $\ell$-lifts do not contain subdivisions of cliques of order $n$. Finally, for $2 \le \ell \ll n$, we show that almost all $\ell$-lifts of $K_n$ contain a subdivision of a clique on $(1-o(1))\sqrt{\frac{2n \ell}{1-1/\ell}}$ vertices and that this is tight up to the lower order term.