Search arXiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 2407.20711

Information index augmented eRG to model vaccination behaviour: A case study of COVID-19 in the US

Bruno Buonomo·Alessandra D'Alise·Rossella Della Marca·Francesco Sannino
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

Recent pandemics triggered the development of a number of mathematical models and computational tools apt at curbing the socio-economic impact of these and future pandemics. The need to acquire solid estimates from the data led to the introduction of effective approaches such as the \emph{epidemiological Renormalization Group} (eRG). A recognized relevant factor impacting the evolution of pandemics is the feedback stemming from individuals' choices. The latter can be taken into account via the \textit{information index} which accommodates the information--induced perception regarding the status of the disease and the memory of past spread. We, therefore, show how to augment the eRG by means of the information index. We first develop the {\it behavioural} version of the eRG and then test it against the US vaccination campaign for COVID-19. We find that the behavioural augmented eRG improves the description of the pandemic dynamics of the US divisions for which the epidemic peak occurs after the start of the vaccination campaign. Our results strengthen the relevance of taking into account the human behaviour component when modelling pandemic evolution. To inform public health policies, the model can be readily employed to investigate the socio-epidemiological dynamics, including vaccination campaigns, for other regions of the world.

Explore related subjects

q-bio.PEmath.DSphysics.soc-ph

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Bruno Buonomo, Alessandra D'Alise, Rossella Della Marca, Francesco Sannino. 2024-07-30. Information index augmented eRG to model vaccination behaviour: A case study of COVID-19 in the US. https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.20711

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

Phase transitions in microbial lineage trees

Microbial populations exhibit high cell-to-cell variability, which fundamentally shapes population behavior. A striking consequence is the existence of phase transitions, where small genetic or environmental changes trigger abrupt shifts in population dynamics. While biological phase transitions have often been proposed, connecting observed behavior to the underlying physics has remained challenging. We combine population genetics with statistical physics to show how phase transitions arise naturally in microbial populations. We highlight the existence of a first-order transition in a model of bacterial plasmid engineering and find a strict lower bound on the number of plasmids that can be stably maintained in a population.

q-bio.PE↗
arXiv2026

Phylogenetic Inference and the Stickiness of Fréchet Means, via Precise Asymptotics of an Embedded Random Walk

A well-known phenomenon in statistical analyses of populations of phylogenetic trees in the Billera-Holmes-Vogtmann space is that the topology of the Fréchet mean tree can contain multifurcations (i.e., internal nodes with more than two children), which raises the practical question of whether this reflects a population-level branching structure (hard polytomy) or merely sampling variability in the data (soft polytomy). This is an instance of the more general phenomenon of "stickiness" in non-Euclidean statistics, whereby the sample Fréchet mean in certain non-positively curved stratified spaces becomes permanently trapped in a lower-dimensional stratum. In this work, we identify a particular multidimensional random walk embedded within the Fréchet mean process, and we show that the time at which stickiness occurs is determined by the largest last-passage time above zero of the coordinates of this random walk. Using this representation, we develop a fully nonparametric procedure for estimating the probability that trifurcations in a sample Fréchet mean tree will bifurcate at some future time if more observations are collected. Lastly, we apply our methodology to a problem in phylogenetics where we consider whether an observed trifurcation in the species tree of primates, glires, and tree shrews is genuinely trifurcated at the population level.

q-bio.PE↗
arXiv2026

Coexistence coalitions in propagule disperser quasi-communities

Many natural ecosystems harbor large numbers of coexisting species competing for far fewer distinct resources, in apparent defiance of the competitive exclusion principle. Various mechanisms have been proposed to explain this apparent paradox, often pertaining to organisms with a two-stage sessile--propagule life cycle. Here we develop a stochastic model class for such propagule disperser communities that combines competition--colonization trade-offs, spatial heterogeneity, demographic stochasticity, as well as inherited trait variation, and recover several classical models as special or limiting cases. Using bifurcation analysis, we classify equilibrium coalitions near the extinction threshold and give sufficient conditions for their realization by macroscopic equilibria away from the threshold, bypassing the costly numerical computation of the actual equilibrium states. Illustrative examples examine the resulting trait distributions and coalition patterns, demonstrating the interactive effects of different coexistence mechanisms.

q-bio.PE↗