Sign regularity preserving linear operators

Abstract

A matrix $A\in \mathbb{R}^{m \times n}$ is strictly sign regular/SSR (or sign regular/SR) if for each $1 \leq k \leq \min\{m,n\}$, all (non-zero) $k\times k$ minors of $A$ have the same sign. This class of matrices contains the totally positive matrices, and was first studied by Schoenberg in 1930 to characterize variation diminution, a fundamental property in total positivity theory. In this article, we classify all surjective linear mappings $\mathcal{L}:\mathbb{R}^{m\times n}\to\mathbb{R}^{m\times n}$ that preserve: (i) sign regularity and (ii) sign regularity with a given sign pattern, as well as (iii) strict versions of these.