Thermodynamics and criticality of supersymmetric spin chains of Haldane-Shastry type

Abstract

We analyze the thermodynamics and criticality properties of four families of su$(m|n)$ supersymmetric spin chains of Haldane-Shastry (HS) type, related to both the $A_{N-1}$ and the $BC_N$ classical root systems. Using a known formula expressing the thermodynamic free energy per spin of these models in terms of the Perron (largest in modulus) eigenvalue of a suitable inhomogeneous transfer matrix, we prove a general result relating the su$(kp|kq)$ free energy with arbitrary $k=1,2,\dots$ to the su$(p|q)$ free energy. In this way we are able to evaluate the thermodynamic free energy per spin of several infinite families of supersymmetric HS-type chains, and study their thermodynamics. In particular, we show that in all cases the specific heat at constant volume features a single marked Schottky peak, which in some cases can be heuristically explained by approximating the model with a suitable multi-level system with equally spaced energies. We also study the critical behavior of the models under consideration, showing that the low-temperature behavior of their thermodynamic free energy per spin is the same as that of a $(1+1)$-dimensional conformal field theory with central charge $c=m+n/2-1$. However, using a motif-based description of the spectrum we prove that only the three families of su$(1|n)$ chains of type $A_{N-1}$ and the su$(m|n)$ HS chain of $BC_N$ type with $m=1,2,3$ (when the sign $\varepsilon_B$ in the Hamiltonian takes the value $-1$ in the latter case) are truly critical.