Search arXiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 2411.00296

Applying numerosity to surreal integration

Ilya Shnitman
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

We present a novel framework for measuring the size of discrete subsets of using surreal-valued numerosity, which strictly satisfies Euclid's principle that "the whole is greater than a part". By mapping numerosities to surreal numbers via the canonical embedding of Hardy fields, we provide an explicit formula for the full numerosity of sequences, including their infinite, finite and infinitesimal parts, with examples. Then (interpreting germs at infinity as as Laplace transforms) we introduce a surreal-valued function that shares many properties with the Dirac Delta distribution and employ it to derive some integration properties of surreal values. Finally, we provide a formula for integrating a surreal-valued function over surreal domain, employing numerosity in a way, similar to Lebesgue measure and derive some novel formulas, connecting surreal numbers via integration. The suggested here method of surreal integration is different from methods suggested by other authors in dropping the property of linearity regarding infinite factors. In our opinion, the struggle to keep this rule intact is the reason for many failed attempts to define the surreal integration. For the suggested formulas, code in Wolfram Mathematica language is provided.

Explore related subjects

math.GM

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Ilya Shnitman. 2026-04-19. Applying numerosity to surreal integration. https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.00296

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

A Proof of Liu's Conjecture on the Fundamental Triangle Inequality

Let $a,b,c$ be the side lengths of a triangle, and let $R$ and $r$ denote its circumradius and inradius, respectively. Liu proposed the conjecture \[ \sum_{\text{cyc}} \left(\frac{a(b+c-a)}{bc}\right)^k \ge 2+\left(\frac{2r}{R}\right)^k,\qquad k>1, \] with the reverse inequality for $k<1$. We prove this conjecture by reducing it to an algebraic inequality for three positive variables with prescribed sum and product. We also determine the equality cases.

math.GM↗
arXiv2026

A quadratic critical-value conjecture for the fifth Bessel moment

We conjecture an explicit evaluation of the pure fifth Bessel moment $\int_0^\infty K_0(t)^5\,dt$ as a quadratic expression in the critical value $L(f,2)$ of the weight-three, level-60 newform $f$ (LMFDB orbit 60.3.b.a) identified in the twisted fifth-moment modularity theorem of Lim, Tu and Yu, with coefficients in $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{5})$ and the square taken before the real and imaginary parts. Directed interval computations, using no stored Bessel or $L$-values, bound the absolute discrepancy by $10^{-358}$. We prove three exact modular identities for $f$: the Petersson-norm formula $\langle f,f\rangle_{60} = \frac{3(5-\sqrt{5})}{2π^4}|L(f,2)|^2$, the coefficient-conjugation relation $L(f^σ,2) = κL(f,2)$ with explicit $κ\in \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{5},i)$, and the twisted symmetric-square evaluation $L(χ_{-4}\mathrm{Sym}^2 f,2) = \sqrt{15}\,π^2 \langle f,f\rangle_{60}$, together with $L(χ_{-4}\mathrm{Sym}^2 f,3) = π^4\langle f,f\rangle_{60}/8$, in the full Euler-factor normalization of Lim, Tu and Yu. The last identity shows that the companion norm conjecture $D_{5,\mathrm{odd}} = \frac{3\sqrt{15}(5-\sqrt{5})}{2}|L(f,2)|^2$ is equivalent to the symmetric-square conjecture $D_{5,\mathrm{odd}} = π^2 L(χ_{-4}\mathrm{Sym}^2 f,2)$ of Lim, Tu and Yu, while the exact relation $D_{5,\mathrm{even}} = π^2 D_{5,\mathrm{odd}}/(2\sqrt{15})$ follows from Chuang's period formulas. Every Bessel-to-modular equality, including the individual-period formula, remains conjectural. Complete proofs, exact rational certificates and verification programs are included as ancillary files.

math.GM↗