Holographic images of a charged black hole in Lorentz symmetry breaking massive gravity

Abstract

Using the AdS/CFT correspondence, this paper investigates the holographic images of a charged black hole within the context of Lorentz symmetry breaking massive gravity. The photon rings, luminosity-deformed rings, or light points from various observational perspectives are obtained. We also study the influences of both the chemical potential and temperature on the Einstein ring. Unlike the previous work, which primarily examines the effect of chemical potential on ring radius at high temperatures and find no change in the radius with varying chemical potential, we also investigate the effect of chemical potential on the ring radius at low temperature besides at high temperature. Our findings indicate that at low temperatures, the photon ring radius decreases with increasing of chemical potential, while at high temperatures, the results are consistent with previous studies. Additionally, we explore the impact of the model parameter λ on the Einstein ring radius and find the the ring radius increases as the model parameter λ increases. More interestingly, for the large chemical potential, u = 1, the temperature dependence of the photon ring radius is reversed for λ = 2 and λ = 4. Conversely, for a small chemical potential u = 0.1, the temperature dependence of the Einstein ring stays the same as λ = 2 and λ = 4.