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arXiv · 2412.03356

Free-space model for a balloon-based quantum network

Ilektra Karakosta-Amarantidou·Raja Yehia·Matteo Schiavon
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Abstract

Long-distance communication is one of the main bottlenecks in the development of quantum communication networks. Free-space communication is a way to circumvent exponential fiber loss and to allow longer communication distances. Satellite nodes are the main devices currently studied for free-space communication, but they come with downsides such as high cost and low availability. In this work, we study an alternative to satellites, namely aerial platforms such as high-altitude balloons. We provide a loss model to simulate the channel efficiency of balloon-to-ground, ground-to-balloon, and balloon-to-balloon communication channels, considering a large set of hardware parameters. We perform a parameter exploration to exhibit important trade-offs in these channels, as well as simulations of different quantum key distribution network architectures including balloon nodes. We demonstrate that balloons are a realistic alternative to satellites for free-space communications in national network architectures.

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Ilektra Karakosta-Amarantidou, Raja Yehia, Matteo Schiavon. 2024-12-04. Free-space model for a balloon-based quantum network. https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.03356

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