The HOMFLY-PT polynomial and HZ factorisation

Andreani Petrou; Shinobu Hikami

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arXiv · 2412.04933

The HOMFLY-PT polynomial and HZ factorisation

Andreani Petrou·Shinobu Hikami

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Abstract

The Harer-Zagier (HZ) transform maps the HOMFLY-PT polynomial into a rational function. For some special knots and links, the latter admits a simple factorised form, which is referred to as HZ factorisation. This property is preserved under full twists and the Jucys-Murphy twists, which are hence used to generate infinite HZ-factorisable families of hyperbolic knots. For such families, the HOMFLY-PT polynomial can be fully encoded in two sets of integers, corresponding to the numerator and denominator exponents, which turn out to be related to the double-grading in Khovanov homology. Moreover, a relation between the HOMFLY-PT and Kauffman polynomials, which was only known to hold for torus knots, is now proven for several of these hyperbolic families. Such a relation has a peculiar implication in topological string theory, namely, it is equivalent to the vanishing of the two-crosscap BPS invariants. It is conjectured that the HOMFLY-PT/Kauffman relation provides a criterion for HZ factorisability.

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Andreani Petrou, Shinobu Hikami. 2026-07-15. The HOMFLY-PT polynomial and HZ factorisation. https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.04933

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