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arXiv · 2412.05087

Prospects for Observing Astrophysical Transients with GeV Neutrinos

Angelina Sherman·Jessie Thwaites·Ke Fang·Justin Vandenbroucke·Brian D. Metzger
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Abstract

Although Cherenkov detectors of high-energy neutrinos in ice and water are often optimized to detect TeV-PeV neutrinos, they may also be sensitive to transient neutrino sources in the 1-100~GeV energy range. A wide variety of transient sources have been predicted to emit GeV neutrinos. In light of the upcoming IceCube-Upgrade, which will extend the IceCube detector's sensitivity down to a few GeV, as well as improve its angular resolution, we survey a variety of transient source models and compare their predicted neutrino fluences to detector sensitivities, in particular those of IceCube-DeepCore and the IceCube Upgrade. We consider the ranges of neutrino fluence from transients powered by non-relativistic shocks, such as novae, supernovae, fast blue optical transients, and tidal disruption events. We also consider fast radio bursts and relativistic outflows of high- and low-luminosity gamma-ray bursts. Our study sheds light on the prospects of observing GeV transients with existing and upcoming neutrino facilities.

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Angelina Sherman, Jessie Thwaites, Ke Fang, Justin Vandenbroucke, Brian D. Metzger. 2025-10-21. Prospects for Observing Astrophysical Transients with GeV Neutrinos. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357%2Fadb716

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