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arXiv · 2412.09575

Limits on dark matter, ultralight scalars, and cosmic neutrinos with gyroscope spin and precision clocks

Sara Rufrano Aliberti·Gaetano Lambiase·Tanmay Kumar Poddar
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Abstract

Dark matter (DM) within the solar system induces deviations in the geodetic drift of gyroscope spin due to its gravitational interaction. Assuming a constant DM density as a minimal scenario, we constrain DM overdensity within the Gravity Probe B (GP-B) orbit and project limits for Earth's and Neptune's orbits around the Sun. The presence of electrons in gravitating sources and test objects introduces a scalar-mediated Yukawa potential, which can be probed using terrestrial and space--based precision clocks. We derive projected DM overdensity $(η)$ limits from Sagnac time measurements using onboard satellite clocks, highlighting their dependence on the source mass and orbital radius. The strongest limit, $η\lesssim 4.45\times 10^3$, is achieved at Neptune's orbit ($\sim 30~\mathrm{AU}$), exceeding existing constraints. Correspondingly, the cosmic neutrino overdensity is bounded as $ξ\lesssim 5.34\times 10^{10}$, surpassing results from KATRIN and cosmic ray studies. The best limit on electrophilic scalar coupling is $g\lesssim 7.09\times 10^{-24}$ for scalar mass $m_φ\lesssim 1.32\times 10^{-18}~\mathrm{eV}$ competitive with existing fifth-force bounds. These precision measurements offer a robust framework for testing gravity at solar system scales and probing DM in scenarios inaccessible to direct detection experiments.

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Sara Rufrano Aliberti, Gaetano Lambiase, Tanmay Kumar Poddar. 2024-12-12. Limits on dark matter, ultralight scalars, and cosmic neutrinos with gyroscope spin and precision clocks. https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.09575

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