Effective String Theory of three-dimensional SU(N) gauge theories beyond the Nambu--Gotō approximation

Abstract

We study the effective bosonic string that describes confining flux tubes in three-dimensional SU(N) Yang--Mills theories. Although the low-energy properties are universal and well described by the Nambu--Gotō action, the subtle dependence on the gauge group is embedded in a series of corrections, which remain undetermined, appearing in the expansion around the limit of an infinitely long string. We extract the first two of these corrections from a set of high-precision Monte Carlo simulations of Polyakov loop correlators at finite temperatures close to the deconfinement transition. We present and compare the results of new lattice simulations for theories with N=3 and N=6 color charges, along with an improved estimate for the N=2 case, discussing the approach to the large-N limit. We show that our results are compatible with analytical bounds derived from the S-matrix bootstrap approach. Additionally, we present a new test of the Svetitsky--Yaffe conjecture for the SU(3) theory in three dimensions, showing that our results for the correlator of Polyakov loops perfectly agree with the predictions obtained using a conformal perturbation approach to the two-dimensional three-state Potts model