$Λ$ and $Σ$ potentials in neutron stars, hypernuclei, and heavy-ion collisions

Abstract

With an appropriate $YNN$ force, the $Λ$ single-particle potential ($Λ$ potential) can be made strongly repulsive at high density, and one can solve the hyperon puzzle of neutron stars. We investigate the consistency of such a $Λ$ potential, evaluated recently from $YN$ and $YNN$ forces based on chiral effective field theory, with hypernuclear data and heavy-ion collision data. It is found that model calculations with such a $Λ$ potential can reproduce the data of the $Λ$ hypernuclear spectroscopy and the $Λ$ directed flow in heavy-ion collisions. Also, we evaluate the $Σ$ potential, which can be calculated by using the same hyperon forces as for the $Λ$ potential. Specifically, we show that the low-energy constants characterizing the strength of the $YNN$ force can be chosen to suppress the appearance of the $Λ$'s in neutron stars while at the same time the empirical value of the $Σ$ potential is reproduced.