Limits on WIMP dark matter with NaI(Tl) crystals in three years of COSINE-100 data

G. H. Yu; N. Carlin; J. Y. Cho; J. J. Choi; S. Choi; A. C. Ezeribe; L. E. Franca; C. Ha; I. S. Hahn; S. J. Hollick; E. J. Jeon; H. W. Joo; W. G. Kang; M. Kauer; B. H. Kim; H. J. Kim; J. Kim; K. W. Kim; S. H. Kim; S. K. Kim; W. K. Kim; Y. D. Kim; Y. H. Kim; Y. J. Ko; D. H. Lee; E. K. Lee; H. Lee; H. S. Lee; H. Y. Lee; I. S. Lee; J. Lee; J. Y. Lee; M. H. Lee; S. H. Lee; S. M. Lee; Y. J. Lee; D. S. Leonard; N. T. Luan; V. H. A. Machado; B. B. Manzato; R. H. Maruyama; R. J. Neal; S. L. Olsen; B. J. Park; H. K. Park; H. S. Park; J. C. Park; K. S. Park; S. D. Park; R. L. C. Pitta; H. Prihtiadi; S. J. Ra; C. Rott; K. A. Shin; D. F. F. S. Cavalcante; M. K. Son; N. J. C. Spooner; L. T. Truc; L. Yang

arXiv · 2501.13665

Limits on WIMP dark matter with NaI(Tl) crystals in three years of COSINE-100 data

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Abstract

We report limits on WIMP dark matter derived from three years of data collected by the COSINE-100 experiment with NaI(Tl) crystals, achieving an improved energy threshold of 0.7 keV. This lowered threshold enhances sensitivity in the sub-GeV mass range, extending the reach for direct detection of low-mass dark matter. Although no excess of WIMP-like events was observed, the increased sensitivity enabled a model-insensitive comparison between the expected WIMP signal rate-based on mass limits from our data-and DAMA's reported modulation amplitude. Our findings strongly disfavor the DAMA signal as originating from WIMP interactions, fully excluding DAMA/LIBRA 3$σ$ allowed regions and providing enhanced WIMP mass limits by an order of magnitude in the spin-independent model compared to previous results. In the spin-dependent model, cross-section upper limits were obtained in the mass range [0.1-5.0] GeV/c$^2$, with additional sensitivity to sub-GeV WIMPs through the inclusion of the Migdal effect. These results represent substantial progress in low-mass dark matter exploration and reinforce constraints on the longstanding DAMA claim.

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G. H. Yu, N. Carlin, J. Y. Cho, J. J. Choi, S. Choi, A. C. Ezeribe, L. E. Franca, C. Ha, I. S. Hahn, S. J. Hollick, E. J. Jeon, H. W. Joo, W. G. Kang, M. Kauer, B. H. Kim, H. J. Kim, J. Kim, K. W. Kim, S. H. Kim, S. K. Kim, W. K. Kim, Y. D. Kim, Y. H. Kim, Y. J. Ko, D. H. Lee, E. K. Lee, H. Lee, H. S. Lee, H. Y. Lee, I. S. Lee, J. Lee, J. Y. Lee, M. H. Lee, S. H. Lee, S. M. Lee, Y. J. Lee, D. S. Leonard, N. T. Luan, V. H. A. Machado, B. B. Manzato, R. H. Maruyama, R. J. Neal, S. L. Olsen, B. J. Park, H. K. Park, H. S. Park, J. C. Park, K. S. Park, S. D. Park, R. L. C. Pitta, H. Prihtiadi, S. J. Ra, C. Rott, K. A. Shin, D. F. F. S. Cavalcante, M. K. Son, N. J. C. Spooner, L. T. Truc, L. Yang. 2025-10-23. Limits on WIMP dark matter with NaI(Tl) crystals in three years of COSINE-100 data. https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.13665

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