Efficient $k$-limited Dominating Broadcasts in Product Graphs

Abstract

In a graph $ G $, a subset of vertices $ S $ is called an efficient dominating set (EDS) if every vertex in the graph is uniquely dominated by exactly one vertex in $ S $. A graph is said to be efficiently dominatable if it contains an EDS. Additionally, a function $ f: V(G) \rightarrow \{0, 1, 2, \dots, k\} $ is termed a $ k $-limited dominating broadcast if, for every vertex $ u \in V(G) $, there exists a vertex $ v $, with $ f(v) \geq 1$ such that $ d(u, v) \leq f(v) $. A vertex $u$ is said to be dominated by a vertex $v$. In this work, we unify these two concepts to explore the notion of efficient $k$-limited broadcast domination in graphs. A $ k $-limited dominating broadcast $f$ is called an efficient $k$-limited dominating broadcast ($k$-$ELDB$) if each vertex in the graph is dominated exactly once. The minimum value of $k$ for which the given graph $G$ has $k$-$ELDB$ is defined as $mcr(G)$. We prove determining $mcr(G)$ is NP-Complete for general graphs and explore the $mcr(G)$ values and other related parameters on standard graphs and their products.