Reviving networked multi-dimensional dynamical systems

Abstract

From gene regulatory networks to mutualistic networks, controlling a single node in the network topology can transform these complex dynamical systems from undesirable states to desirable ones. Corresponding methods have been well-studied in one-dimensional dynamical systems. However, many practical dynamical systems require description by multi-dimensional dynamical systems, such as the mutualistic symbiotic systems formed by flowering plants and pollinating insects. Existing one-dimensional methods cannot handle the cases of multi-dimensional dynamical systems. Based on this, we propose a method to control a single node to activate network connections in multi-dimensional dynamical systems. In such systems, the changes of each node are described by multiple nonlinear differential equations. All remaining nodes are stratified according to the shortest path to the controlled node, thereby reducing the dimensionality of the system. Such a large-scale dynamical system can ultimately be replaced by a very simple system. By analyzing the reduced-dimensional system, we can predict the extent of control needed to restore the system state. We apply this method to a wide range of fields, achieving activation of various real multidimensional complex dynamical systems.