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arXiv · 2502.17437

Fractal Generative Models

Tianhong Li·Qinyi Sun·Lijie Fan·Kaiming He
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Abstract

Modularization is a cornerstone of computer science, abstracting complex functions into atomic building blocks. In this paper, we introduce a new level of modularization by abstracting generative models into atomic generative modules. Analogous to fractals in mathematics, our method constructs a new type of generative model by recursively invoking atomic generative modules, resulting in self-similar fractal architectures that we call fractal generative models. As a running example, we instantiate our fractal framework using autoregressive models as the atomic generative modules and examine it on the challenging task of pixel-by-pixel image generation, demonstrating strong performance in both likelihood estimation and generation quality. We hope this work could open a new paradigm in generative modeling and provide a fertile ground for future research. Code is available at https://github.com/LTH14/fractalgen.

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Tianhong Li, Qinyi Sun, Lijie Fan, Kaiming He. 2025-02-25. Fractal Generative Models. https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.17437

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