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arXiv · 2502.20232

Microwave-coupled optical bistability in driven and interacting Rydberg gases

Zhehua Zhang·Zeyan Zhang·Shaoxing Han·Yuqing Zhang·Guoqing Zhang·Jizhou Wu·Vladimir B. Sovkov·Wenliang Liu·Yuqing Li·Linjie Zhang·Liantuan Xiao·Suotang Jia·Weibin Li·Jie Ma
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Abstract

Nonequilibrium dynamics are closely related to various fields of research, in which vastly different phases emerge when parameters are changed. However, it is difficult to construct nonequilibrium systems that have sufficiently tunable controllable parameters. Using microwave field coupling induced optical bistability, Rydberg gases exhibit a range of significantly different optical responses. In conjunction with electromagnetically induced transparency, the microwave coupling can create versatile nonequilibrium dynamics. In particular, the microwave coupling of two Rydberg states provides an additional handle for controlling the dynamics. And the microwave-controlled nonequilibrium phase transition has the potential to be applied in microwave field measurement. This study opens a new avenue to exploring bistable dynamics using microwave-coupled Rydberg gases, and developing quantum technological applications.

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Zhehua Zhang, Zeyan Zhang, Shaoxing Han, Yuqing Zhang, Guoqing Zhang, Jizhou Wu, Vladimir B. Sovkov, Wenliang Liu, Yuqing Li, Linjie Zhang, Liantuan Xiao, Suotang Jia, Weibin Li, Jie Ma. 2025-02-27. Microwave-coupled optical bistability in driven and interacting Rydberg gases. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-00997-z

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