Minimal material, maximum coverage: Silicon Tracking System for high-occupancy conditions

Abstract

Silicon strip sensors have long been a reliable technology for particle detection. Here, we push the limits of silicon tracking detectors by targeting an unprecedentedly low material budget of 2%-7% $X_0$ in an 8-layer 4 m$^2$ detector designed for high-occupancy environments ($\leq$ 10 MHz/cm$^2$). To achieve this, we employ Double-Sided Double Metal (DSDM) silicon microstrip sensors, coupled with readout electronics capable of precise timing and energy measurements. These 320 $μ$m thick sensors, featuring $2\times 1024$ channels with a 58 $μ$m pitch, are connected via ultra-lightweight aluminium-polyimide microcables for signal transmission and integrated with a custom SMX readout ASIC, operating in free-streaming mode. This system enables the simultaneous measurement of time ($Δt \simeq 5$~ns) and charge deposition (0.1-100 fC), significantly enhancing the detector's capacity for high-precision track reconstruction in high-occupancy and harsh radiation field environments. The primary application of this technology is the Silicon Tracking System (STS) for the CBM experiment, with additional potential in projects like the J-PARC E16 experiment and future uses in medical physics, such as advanced imaging telescopes. In this contribution, we present the current status of CBM STS construction, with almost one-third of the modules produced and tested. We also discuss immediate applications and explore promising prospects in both scientific and medical fields.