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arXiv · 2503.18092

Ergodic Optimization for Open Expanding Multi-valued Topological Dynamical Systems

Oliver Jenkinson·Xiaoran Li·Yuexin Liao·Yiwei Zhang
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Abstract

We study the optimization of ergodic averages for multi-valued dynamical systems, i.e. where points may have multiple different forward orbits. Under upper semi-continuity assumptions, we show that the maximum space average with respect to invariant probability measures for such systems can be characterised in terms of maximum time averages on an auxiliary shift space. For all multi-valued expanding systems that are open mappings, we show that every Hölder continuous real-valued function can be modified by a coboundary, of the same Hölder exponent, such that the resulting function is dominated by its maximum ergodic average.

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Oliver Jenkinson, Xiaoran Li, Yuexin Liao, Yiwei Zhang. 2025-06-02. Ergodic Optimization for Open Expanding Multi-valued Topological Dynamical Systems. https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.18092

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