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arXiv · 2503.24320

Can Test-Time Scaling Improve World Foundation Model?

Wenyan Cong·Hanqing Zhu·Peihao Wang·Bangya Liu·Dejia Xu·Kevin Wang·David Z. Pan·Yan Wang·Zhiwen Fan·Zhangyang Wang
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Abstract

World foundation models, which simulate the physical world by predicting future states from current observations and inputs, have become central to many applications in physical intelligence, including autonomous driving and robotics. However, these models require substantial computational resources for pretraining and are further constrained by available data during post-training. As such, scaling computation at test time emerges as both a critical and practical alternative to traditional model enlargement or re-training. In this work, we introduce SWIFT, a test-time scaling framework tailored for WFMs. SWIFT integrates our extensible WFM evaluation toolkit with process-level inference strategies, including fast tokenization, probability-based Top-K pruning, and efficient beam search. Empirical results on the COSMOS model demonstrate that test-time scaling exists even in a compute-optimal way. Our findings reveal that test-time scaling laws hold for WFMs and that SWIFT provides a scalable and effective pathway for improving WFM inference without retraining or increasing model size. Project page: https://scalingwfm.github.io/.

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Wenyan Cong, Hanqing Zhu, Peihao Wang, Bangya Liu, Dejia Xu, Kevin Wang, David Z. Pan, Yan Wang, Zhiwen Fan, Zhangyang Wang. 2025-08-08. Can Test-Time Scaling Improve World Foundation Model?. https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.24320

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