Monitoring biodiversity on highly reactive rock-paper-scissors models

Abstract

This work investigates how biodiversity is affected in a cyclic spatial May-Leonard model with hierarchical and non-hierarchical rules. Here we propose a generalization of the traditional rock-paper-scissors model by considering highly reactive species, i. e., species that react in a stronger manner compared to the others in respect to either competition or reproduction. These two classes of models, called here Highly Competitive and Highly Reproductive models, may lead to hierarchical and non-hierarchical dynamics, depending on the number of highly reactive species. The fundamental feature of these models is the fact that hierarchical models may as well support biodiversity, however, with a higher probability of extinction than the non-hierarchical ones, which are in fact more robust. This analysis is done by evaluating the probability of extinction as a function of mobility. In particular, we have analyzed how the dominance scheme changes depending on the highly reactive species for non-hierarchical models, where the findings lead to the conclusion that highly reactive species are usually at a disadvantage compared to the others. Moreover, we have investigated the power spectrum and the characteristic length of each species, including more information on the behavior of the several systems considered in the present work.