Insight-HXMT observations of the extremely bright GRB 221009A

Wen-Long Zhang; Wang-Chen Xue; Cheng-Kui Li; Shao-Lin Xiong; Gang Li; Yong Chen; Wei-Wei Cui; Xiao-Bo Li; Cong-Zhan Liu; Ming-Yu Ge; Wen-Jun Tan; Jia-Cong Liu; Chen-Wei Wang; Chao Zheng; Yan-Qiu Zhang; Yue Wang; Zhen Zhang; Shu-Xu Yi; Shuo Xiao; Ce Cai; Shuang-Xi Yi; Li-Ming Song; Lian Tao; Shu Zhang; Shuang-Nan Zhang

arXiv · 2504.18952

Insight-HXMT observations of the extremely bright GRB 221009A

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Abstract

The Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (\insight) detected GRB 221009A, the brightest gamma-ray burst observed to date, with all its three telescopes, i.e. High Energy telescope (HE, 20-250 keV), Medium Energy telescope (ME, 5-30 keV), and Low Energy telescope (LE, 1-10 keV). Here we present the detailed observation results of all three telescopes of \insight~ on the prompt emission of GRB 221009A. After dead-time and data saturation correction, we recovered the light curves of HE, ME and LE telescopes and find that they generally track the GECAM-C low gain light curves that are free of data saturation issues. Particularly, the ME light curve matches the GECAM-C light curve in low gain mode above 400 keV, while the LE light curve is more consistent with the GECAM-C above 1.5 MeV. Based on simulation, we find that the signals recorded by the ME and LE are actually caused by the secondary particles produced by the interaction between GRB gamma-ray photons and the material of the satellite. Interestingly, the consistency between ME and LE light curves and GECAM-C demonstrates that ME and LE data could be used to characterize the GRB properties. Espeically, the high time resolution light curve of ME allowed us, for the first time, to calculate the minimum variability timescale (MVT = 0.10 s) of the main burst episode of GRB 221009A.

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Wen-Long Zhang, Wang-Chen Xue, Cheng-Kui Li, Shao-Lin Xiong, Gang Li, Yong Chen, Wei-Wei Cui, Xiao-Bo Li, Cong-Zhan Liu, Ming-Yu Ge, Wen-Jun Tan, Jia-Cong Liu, Chen-Wei Wang, Chao Zheng, Yan-Qiu Zhang, Yue Wang, Zhen Zhang, Shu-Xu Yi, Shuo Xiao, Ce Cai, Shuang-Xi Yi, Li-Ming Song, Lian Tao, Shu Zhang, Shuang-Nan Zhang. 2025-04-26. Insight-HXMT observations of the extremely bright GRB 221009A. https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.18952

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