SU(3) flavor symmetry analysis of hyperon non-leptonic two body decays

Abstract

This paper present a systematic study of hyperon non-leptonic two-body decays induced by light quark transitions, particularly the $s \rightarrow u\bar{u}d$ process, within the framework of SU(3) flavor symmetry. The effective weak Hamiltonian is decomposed into irreducible SU(3) representations, including the 27-plet and octet components, and applied to analyze decays of octet and decuplet baryons and charmed baryons. Both the irreducible representation amplitude (IRA) approach and the topological diagrammatic analysis (TDA) are employed to construct decay amplitudes and constrain the parameter space. SU(3) symmetry-breaking effects arising from the strange quark mass are incorporated systematically. A global fit to current experimental data allows us to extract form factors and predict branching ratios and asymmetry parameters for several decay channels, including $Λ^0 \rightarrow pπ^-$, $Σ^+ \rightarrow pπ^0$, and $Ω^- \rightarrow Ξ^0π^-$. Our results demonstrate the predictive power of SU(3) flavor symmetry while highlighting significant symmetry-breaking effects, especially in amplitudes related to the 27-plet. Notably, the $Σ^+ \rightarrow pπ^0$ decay channel exhibits a deviation exceeding $1σ$ from experimental measurements, suggesting the possible presence of new decay mechanisms or contributions beyond the Standard Model. This work provides a systematic framework for future tests of the Standard Model and the search for new physics in hyperon decays.