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arXiv · 2505.17146

Proof-of-Principle Experiment on a Displacement-Noise-Free Neutron Interferometer for Gravitational Wave Detection

Shoki Iwaguchi·Takuhiro Fujiie·Taro Nambu·Masaaki Kitaguchi·Yutaka Yamagata·Kenji Mishima·Atsushi Nishizawa·Tomohiro Ishikawa·Kenji Tsuji·Kurumi Umemura·Kazuhiro Kobayashi·Takafumi Onishi·Keiko Kokeyama·Hirohiko Shimizu·Yuta Michimura·Seiji Kawamura
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Abstract

The displacement-noise-free interferometer (DFI) is designed to eliminate all displacement-induced noise while retaining sensitivity to gravitational wave (GW) signals. Ground-based DFIs suffer from physical arm-length limitations, resulting in poor sensitivity at frequencies below 1 kHz. To address this, previous research introduced a neutron-based DFI, which replaces laser light with neutrons and achieves exceptional sensitivity down to a few hertz. In this study, we conducted a proof-of-principle experiment using a pulsed neutron source at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J- PARC). Despite practical constraints that led to deviations from the ideal experimental design, we optimized the setup and developed a novel analysis method that successfully cancels displacement noise while preserving simulated GW signals. This work presents the first successful demonstration of a neutron DFI and a neutron interferometer for GW detection.

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Shoki Iwaguchi, Takuhiro Fujiie, Taro Nambu, Masaaki Kitaguchi, Yutaka Yamagata, Kenji Mishima, Atsushi Nishizawa, Tomohiro Ishikawa, Kenji Tsuji, Kurumi Umemura, Kazuhiro Kobayashi, Takafumi Onishi, Keiko Kokeyama, Hirohiko Shimizu, Yuta Michimura, Seiji Kawamura. 2025-10-21. Proof-of-Principle Experiment on a Displacement-Noise-Free Neutron Interferometer for Gravitational Wave Detection. https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.17146

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