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arXiv · 2505.17848

The NEXT-100 Detector

NEXT Collaboration·C. Adams·H. Almazán·V. Álvarez·A. I. Aranburu·L. Arazi·I. J. Arnquist·F. Auria-Luna·S. Ayet·Y. Ayyad·C. D. R. Azevedo·K. Bailey·F. Ballester·J. E. Barcelon·M. del Barrio-Torregrosa·A. Bayo·J. M. Benlloch-Rodríguez·F. I. G. M. Borges·A. Brodoline·N. Byrnes·A. Castillo·E. Church·L. Cid·M. Cid·X. Cid·C. A. N. Conde·C. Cortes-Parra·F. P. Cossío·R. Coupe·E. Dey·P. Dietz·C. Echeverria·M. Elorza·R. Esteve·R. Felkai·L. M. P. Fernandes·P. Ferrario·F. W. Foss·Z. Freixa·J. García-Barrena·J. J. Gómez-Cadenas·J. W. R. Grocott·R. Guenette·J. Hauptman·C. A. O. Henriques·J. A. Hernando Morata·P. Herrero-Gómez·V. Herrero·C. Hervés Carrete·Y. Ifergan·A. F. B. Isabel·B. J. P. Jones·F. Kellerer·L. Larizgoitia·A. Larumbe·P. Lebrun·F. Lopez·N. López-March·R. Madigan·R. D. P. Mano·A. Marauri·A. P. Marques·J. Martín-Albo·A. Martínez·G. Martínez-Lema·M. Martínez-Vara·R. L. Miller·K. Mistry·J. Molina-Canteras·F. Monrabal·C. M. B. Monteiro·F. J. Mora·K. E. Navarro·P. Novella·D. R. Nygren·E. Oblak·I. Osborne·J. Palacio·B. Palmeiro·A. Para·I. Parmaksiz·A. Pazos·J. Pelegrin·M. Pérez Maneiro·M. Querol·J. Renner·I. Rivilla·C. Rogero·L. Rogers·B. Romeo·C. Romo-Luque·E. Ruiz-Chóliz·P. Saharia·F. P. Santos·J. M. F. dos Santos·M. Seemann·I. Shomroni·A. L. M. Silva·P. A. O. C. Silva·A. Simón
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Abstract

The NEXT collaboration is dedicated to the study of double beta decays of $^{136}$Xe using a high-pressure gas electroluminescent time projection chamber. This advanced technology combines exceptional energy resolution ($\leq 1\%$ FWHM at the $Q_{ββ}$ value of the neutrinoless double beta decay) and powerful topological event discrimination. Building on the achievements of the NEXT-White detector, the NEXT-100 detector started taking data at the Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc (LSC) in May of 2024. Designed to operate with xenon gas at 13.5 bar, NEXT-100 consists of a time projection chamber where the energy and the spatial pattern of the ionising particles in the detector are precisely retrieved using two sensor planes (one with photo-multiplier tubes and the other with silicon photo-multipliers). The detector has been operating at stable conditions using argon and xenon gases at $\sim$4 bar and drift fields of 74 V/cm and 118 V/cm, respectively. Alpha decays from the $^{222}$Rn chain have been used to test and monitor the stability of the detector, showing a constant electron lifetime in the drift volume. In this paper, in addition to reporting the results of the commissioning run, we provide a detailed description of the NEXT-100 detector, describe its assembly, and present the current estimation of the radiopurity budget.

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NEXT Collaboration, C. Adams, H. Almazán, V. Álvarez, A. I. Aranburu, L. Arazi, I. J. Arnquist, F. Auria-Luna, S. Ayet, Y. Ayyad, C. D. R. Azevedo, K. Bailey, F. Ballester, J. E. Barcelon, M. del Barrio-Torregrosa, A. Bayo, J. M. Benlloch-Rodríguez, F. I. G. M. Borges, A. Brodoline, N. Byrnes, A. Castillo, E. Church, L. Cid, M. Cid, X. Cid, C. A. N. Conde, C. Cortes-Parra, F. P. Cossío, R. Coupe, E. Dey, P. Dietz, C. Echeverria, M. Elorza, R. Esteve, R. Felkai, L. M. P. Fernandes, P. Ferrario, F. W. Foss, Z. Freixa, J. García-Barrena, J. J. Gómez-Cadenas, J. W. R. Grocott, R. Guenette, J. Hauptman, C. A. O. Henriques, J. A. Hernando Morata, P. Herrero-Gómez, V. Herrero, C. Hervés Carrete, Y. Ifergan, A. F. B. Isabel, B. J. P. Jones, F. Kellerer, L. Larizgoitia, A. Larumbe, P. Lebrun, F. Lopez, N. López-March, R. Madigan, R. D. P. Mano, A. Marauri, A. P. Marques, J. Martín-Albo, A. Martínez, G. Martínez-Lema, M. Martínez-Vara, R. L. Miller, K. Mistry, J. Molina-Canteras, F. Monrabal, C. M. B. Monteiro, F. J. Mora, K. E. Navarro, P. Novella, D. R. Nygren, E. Oblak, I. Osborne, J. Palacio, B. Palmeiro, A. Para, I. Parmaksiz, A. Pazos, J. Pelegrin, M. Pérez Maneiro, M. Querol, J. Renner, I. Rivilla, C. Rogero, L. Rogers, B. Romeo, C. Romo-Luque, E. Ruiz-Chóliz, P. Saharia, F. P. Santos, J. M. F. dos Santos, M. Seemann, I. Shomroni, A. L. M. Silva, P. A. O. C. Silva, A. Simón. 2025-12-10. The NEXT-100 Detector. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc%2Fs10052-025-14951-y

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