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arXiv · 2505.18360

Neutral-Hosts In The Shared Mid-Bands: Addressing Indoor Cellular Performance

Muhammad Iqbal Rochman·Joshua Roy Palathinkal·Vanlin Sathya·Mehmet Yavuz·Monisha Ghosh
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Abstract

The 3.55 - 3.7 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) band in the U.S., shared with incumbent Navy radars, is witnessing increasing deployments both indoors and outdoors using a shared, licensed model. Among the many use-cases of such private networks is the indoor neutral-host, where cellular customers of Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) can be seamlessly served indoors over CBRS with improved performance, since building loss reduces the indoor signal strength of mid-band 5G cellular signals considerably. In this paper, we present the first detailed measurements and analyses of a real-world deployment of an indoor private network serving as a neutral-host in the CBRS band serving two MNOs. Our findings demonstrate significant advantages: (i) minimal outdoor interference from the CBRS network due to over 22 dB median penetration loss, ensuring compatibility with incumbent users; (ii) substantial indoor performance gains with up to 535$\times$ and 33$\times$ median downlink and uplink throughput improvements, respectively, compared to the worst-performing MNO; (iii) reduced uplink transmit power for user devices (median 12 dB reduction), increasing energy efficiency; and (iv) significant capacity offload from the MNO network (median 233 resource blocks/slot freed in 5G), allowing MNOs to better serve outdoor users. These results highlight the potential of low-power indoor CBRS deployments to improve performance, increase spectrum efficiency, and support coexistence with current and future incumbents, e.g., the 3.1 - 3.45 GHz band being considered for sharing with federal incumbents in the U.S.

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Muhammad Iqbal Rochman, Joshua Roy Palathinkal, Vanlin Sathya, Mehmet Yavuz, Monisha Ghosh. 2025-05-23. Neutral-Hosts In The Shared Mid-Bands: Addressing Indoor Cellular Performance. https://doi.org/10.1109/dyspan64764.2025.11115898

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