$η_cη_c$ and $J/ψJ/ψ$ scatterings from lattice QCD

Abstract

We investigate the $S$-wave $η_cη_c$ and $J/ψJ/ψ$ scattering in the $J^{PC}=(0,2)^{++}$ channels up to a center-of-mass energy of 6.6~GeV. The calculations are carried out at two unphysical pion masses, $m_π\approx 420$~MeV and 250~MeV, in $N_f=2$ lattice QCD. For each $m_π$, we extract the finite-volume energy levels on two lattices with an identical lattice spacing ($a\simeq 0.136~\mathrm{fm}$) but different spatial volumes. Since the coupled-channel effects between the $η_cη_c$ and $J/ψJ/ψ$ channels are found to be negligible, we analyze the corresponding scattering properties using the single-channel L"{u}scher method. We find that the interactions in these dicharmonium systems are dominated by the quark rearrangement effect. In the $0^{++}$ channel, the near-threshold attraction in $J/ψJ/ψ$ and repulsion in $η_cη_c$ can be explained through the Fierz rearrangement. The attractive interaction in the ${}^1S_0$ $J/ψJ/ψ$ channel allows for the existence of a near-threshold scalar structure, which may correspond to the $X(6200)$. However, possible left-hand-cut effects due to light-hadron exchange prevent us from precisely determining the pole positions. In the $2^{++}$ channel, while the ${}^5S_2$ $J/ψJ/ψ$ system exhibits a repulsive interaction near threshold, the scattering amplitude has a Castillejo-Dalitz-Dyson zero at $\sqrt{s}=6.45~\mathrm{GeV}$ and a resonance pole at $\sqrt{s}=\big[6.543(10)-i,0.548(34)/2\big]~\mathrm{GeV}$ for $m_π\approx 420~\mathrm{MeV}$ and $\big[6.538(13)-i,0.537(56)/2\big]~\mathrm{GeV}$ for $m_π\approx 250~\mathrm{MeV}$, where the uncertainties are statistical. This resonance may correspond to the $X(6600)$ (or $X(6400)$) reported by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations. Our result supports its $2^{++}$ assignment, in agreement with the latest spin-parity determination by CMS.