Search arXivSearch

arXiv · 2507.02721

A formal specification of the desired software behaviour of the Princess Marijke lock complex

Abstract

The Princess Marijke lock complex is a large lock and water-protection installation in the Netherlands between the river Rhine and the Amsterdam-Rijnkanaal -- a large waterway connecting the Rhine to the port of Amsterdam. The lock complex consists of two independent locks and a moveable flood-protection barrier. Ensuring safe control of the lock complex is of utmost importance to guarantee both flood-protection and reliable ship operations. This paper gives a precise, formal description of the software control of the lock complex in less than 400 lines of mCRL2 code. This description can act as a blueprint on how the software of this lock complex needs to be constructed. Moreover, using model checking, 53 software requirements are shown to be valid, ensuring that the formal description of the behaviour is correct with regard to these properties and is unlikely to contain mistakes and oversights.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Jan Friso Groote, Matthias Volk. 2025-07-03. A formal specification of the desired software behaviour of the Princess Marijke lock complex. https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.02721

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

Observability and parameter estimation of a generic model for aggregated distributed energy resources

We propose a novel framework for estimating the parameters of an aggregated distributed energy resources (DER A) model. First, we introduce a rigorous method to determine whether all model parameters are estimable. When they are not, our approach identifies the subset of parameters that can be estimated. The proposed framework offers new insights into the number and specific parameters that can be reliably estimated based on commonly available measurements. It also highlights the limitations of calibrating such models. Second, we introduce a Kalman filtering method to calibrate the DER A model. Since we account for nonlinear effects such as saturation and deadbands, we develop a specific mechanism to handle smoothing functions within the Kalman filter. Specifically, we consider the extended and the unscented Kalman filter. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework on a modified IEEE 34-node distribution feeder with inverter- based resources. Our findings align with the North American Electric Reliability Corporation's parameterization guideline and underscore the importance of model calibration in accurately capturing the collective dynamics of distributed energy resources installed on distribution systems.

eess.SY

Salted Fisher Information for Hybrid Systems

Discrete events change how parameter-influence propagates in hybrid systems. Prevailing Fisher information for- mulations assume that sensitivities evolve smoothly according to continuous-time variational equations and therefore neglect the sensitivity updates induced by discrete events. This paper derives a Fisher information matrix formulation compatible with hybrid systems. To do so, we use the saltation matrix, which encodes the first-order transformation of sensitivities induced by discrete events. We call the resulting formulation the salted Fisher information matrix (SFIM). The proposed framework unifies continuous information accumulation during flows with discrete updates at event times. We also show that hybrid persistence of excitation is sufficient for the SFIM to be positive definite

eess.SY

Min-Max Grassmannian Optimization for Online Subspace Tracking

We propose GeRoST (Geometrically Robust Subspace Tracking), an online subspace tracking algorithm that models uncertainty in a subspace using a Grassmannian ball. We derive an exact scalar dual for the worst-case subspace problem, establish conditions for a unique worst-case subspace and a Riemannian gradient, and characterize the minimum radius needed to cover a dimensional extension of the target subspace. Each update uses either a spectral direction computed in a reduced subspace or the gradient of the window reconstruction loss. Our numerical experiments show that GeRoST achieves lower mean post-fault prediction error than GREAT in system identification. In video separation, it achieves higher precision and a better precision--recall balance, as measured by the F$_1$ score, than both GREAT and GRASTA at the reported thresholds, with lower recall and longer runtime.

eess.SY