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arXiv · 2507.03408

Ruling Out Dark Energy Model induced by de-Sitter Regions of Non-Singular Black Holes with Planck2018, DESI BAO, and Union3 Supernovae

Shintaro K. Hayashi
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Abstract

Dark energy(DE) remains one of the most important subjects in modern cosmology, and its physical origin is still under intensive discussion. While an astrophysical origin of DE is a highly challenging scenario, black holes stand out the most promising candidates as the astrophysical origin. In this paper, we explore a new model of DE induced by black holes, in which cosmic accelerated expansion caused by de-Sitter like space-time regions around the non-singular black holes. It is difficult to examine such a phenomena by measuring black hole mass because the energy density of the cosmological constant is much smaller than the mass density of a black hole near a black hole. On the other hand, this modification becomes dominant on the cosmological scale. Therefore, we focus on the cosmological probes and perform the MCMC analysis using Planck2018+DESI DR2+Supernovae. Since the total amount of DE density depends on the contributions of all black holes, we use the simulated results for the evolution of the number of black holes. As a result, we obtain the best-fitted total chi-squared value, $χ_\mathrm{total}^2 = 2871.13$ compared to $Λ\mathrm{CDM}$ case $χ_\mathrm{total, \, ΛCDM}^2 = 2819.00$, and $Δχ^2 \sim 50$. We conclude that this $Δχ^2$ is enough large to rule out this model, because the number of parameters is same between this model and $Λ\mathrm{CDM}$.

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Shintaro K. Hayashi. 2025-11-17. Ruling Out Dark Energy Model induced by de-Sitter Regions of Non-Singular Black Holes with Planck2018, DESI BAO, and Union3 Supernovae. https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.03408

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