From Street Form to Spatial Justice: Explaining Urban Exercise Inequality via a Triadic SHAP-Informed Framework

Minwei Zhao; Guosheng Yang; Zhuoni Zhang; Filip Biljecki; Hanzhi Zu; Cai Wu

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.115095

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arXiv · 2507.03570

From Street Form to Spatial Justice: Explaining Urban Exercise Inequality via a Triadic SHAP-Informed Framework

Minwei Zhao·Guosheng Yang·Zhuoni Zhang·Filip Biljecki·Hanzhi Zu·Cai Wu

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Abstract

Urban streets are essential everyday health infrastructure, yet their capacity to support physical activity is unevenly distributed. This study develops a theory-informed and explainable framework to diagnose street-level exercise deprivation by integrating Lefebvre's spatial triad with multi-source urban data and SHAP-based analysis. Using Shenzhen as a case study, we show that while conceived spatial attributes have the strongest overall influence on exercise intensity, local deprivation mechanisms vary substantially across contexts. We identify a seven-mode typology of deprivation and locate high-demand but low-support street segments as priority areas for intervention. The study offers both a theory-grounded analytical framework and a practical diagnostic tool for promoting spatial justice in everyday physical activity.

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Minwei Zhao, Guosheng Yang, Zhuoni Zhang, Filip Biljecki, Hanzhi Zu, Cai Wu. 2026-03-18. From Street Form to Spatial Justice: Explaining Urban Exercise Inequality via a Triadic SHAP-Informed Framework. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.115095

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