Exact solution of Schrödinger equation for the complex Morse potential to investigate physical systems with position-dependent complex mass

Abstract

This paper presents the exact ground state solution for a diatomic particle system with position-dependent complex mass under action of a complex Morse potential in the quantum domain. By solving the position-dependent Schrödinger equation in extended complex phase space without assuming a specific mass profile, we derive both the eigenfunctions and corresponding eigenenergies using the analyticity conditions of the eigenfunctions. A key focus is placed on addressing the challenge of normalization inherent in non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. To overcome the limitations of conventional normalization methods in systems with complex potentials and spatially varying mass, we propose a modified normalization approach based on a two-dimensional integral over phase space. The results reveal that, under certain parameter constraints, real energy spectra can arise in non Hermitian settings, supported by normalized and physically meaningful eigenfunctions. Probability density plots validate the existence of stable, localized bound states, maintaining essential characteristics of the traditional Morse potential. Moreover, the model offers potential applications in high-energy and cosmological physics, particularly in the quantum description of exotic systems like dark matter.