Finite-size scaling of percolation on scale-free networks

Abstract

Critical phenomena on scale-free networks with a degree distribution $p_k \sim k^{-λ}$ exhibit rich finite-size effects due to its structural heterogeneity. We systematically study the finite-size scaling of percolation and identify two distinct crossover routes to mean-field behavior: one controlled by the degree exponent $λ$, the other by the degree cutoff $K \sim V^κ$, where $V$ is the system size and $κ\in [0,1]$ is the cutoff exponent. Increasing $λ$ or decreasing $κ$ suppresses heterogeneity and drives the system toward mean-field behavior, with logarithmic corrections near the marginal case. These findings provide a unified picture of the crossover from heterogeneous to homogeneous criticality. In the crossover regime, we observe rich finite-size phenomena, including the transition from vanishing to divergent susceptibility, distinct exponents for the shift and fluctuation of pseudocritical points, and a numerical clarification of previous theoretical predictions.