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arXiv · 2507.07476

A comparative study of physics capabilities of a liquid argon and a water based liquid scintillator at DUNE

Nishat Fiza·Suhyeon Kim·Emar Masaku·Mehedi Masud·Hokyeong Nam·Juseong Park·Yujin Park·Kim Siyeon
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Abstract

We present a comprehensive comparison of the physics sensitivities of a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) and a Water-based Liquid Scintillator (WbLS) detector, considering their potential deployment as the fourth far detector module in the DUNE facility. Using GLoBES-based simulations, we evaluate their performance in measuring standard neutrino oscillation parameters ($θ_{23}, δ_{13}$ and $Δm^{2}_{31}$), both in standard 3-neutrino case, as well as in presence of new physics scenarios involving light sterile neutrinos and neutral-current non-standard interactions (NC NSI). Our findings show that THEIA (a WbLS-based detector) significantly outperforms LArTPC in resolving the CP phase $δ_{13}$,- especially near maximal CP violation, and in lifting the octant degeneracy of $θ_{23}$ due to its superior energy resolution and ability to clearly identify the second oscillation maximum. Furthermore, THEIA offers competitive reconstruction precision even with relatively moderate energy resolutions ($7-10\%/\sqrt{E}$) and demonstrates enhanced robustness under new physics scenarios. These results support the physics-driven case for a hybrid DUNE configuration utilizing both LArTPC and WbLS technologies for optimized sensitivity across the full spectrum of neutrino oscillation and physics beyond the standard model.

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Nishat Fiza, Suhyeon Kim, Emar Masaku, Mehedi Masud, Hokyeong Nam, Juseong Park, Yujin Park, Kim Siyeon. 2025-07-17. A comparative study of physics capabilities of a liquid argon and a water based liquid scintillator at DUNE. https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07476

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