Fully strange tetraquark states via QCD sum rules

Abstract

In this paper, we have systematically explored the mass spectrum of fully strange tetraquark candidates within the framework of QCD sum rules, focusing on states with quantum numbers $J^{PC}=0^{++}$, $0^{-+}$, $0^{--}$, $1^{--}$, $1^{+-}$, and $1^{++}$. The analysis reveals the existence of fully strange tetraquark states with masses ranging from approximately $2.07$ to $3.12$ GeV. These predictions are confronted with existing experimental observations of potential fully strange tetraquark resonances, notably the $X(2300)$ recently reported by the BESIII Collaboration, which may be interpreted as a fully strange tetraquark state. Furthermore, the possible decay modes of these fully strange tetraquark states are analyzed, providing guidance for their identification in current and future high energy experiments such as BESIII, Belle II, and LHCb.