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arXiv · 2508.01649

Towards EXPTIME One Way Functions: Bloom Filters, Succinct Graphs, Cliques, & Self Masking

Shlomi Dolev
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Abstract

Consider graphs of n nodes, and use a Bloom filter of length 2 log3 n bits. An edge between nodes i and j, with i < j, turns on a certain bit of the Bloom filter according to a hash function on i and j. Pick a set of log n nodes and turn on all the bits of the Bloom filter required for these log n nodes to form a clique. As a result, the Bloom filter implies the existence of certain other edges, those edges (x, y), with x < y, such that all the bits selected by applying the hash functions to x and y happen to have been turned on due to hashing the clique edges into the Bloom filter. Constructing the graph consisting of the clique-selected edges and those edges mapped to the turned-on bits of the Bloom filter can be performed in polynomial time in n. Choosing a large enough polylogarithmic in n Bloom filter yields that the graph has only one clique of size log n, the planted clique. When the hash function is black-boxed, finding that clique is intractable and, therefore, inverting the function that maps log n nodes to a graph is not (likely to be) possible in polynomial time.

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Shlomi Dolev. 2025-08-03. Towards EXPTIME One Way Functions: Bloom Filters, Succinct Graphs, Cliques, & Self Masking. https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.01649

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