Ab Initio Study of $^7$Li with Coupled Mass Partitions

Abstract

Background: Lithium is of broad interest in nuclear astrophysics, fusion energy research, and nuclear technology. From a theoretical perspective, the nucleus $^7$Li presents a remarkable challenge, as its bound and resonant states can exhibit contributions from both the $^4$He + $^3$H cluster configuration and configurations involving a neutron or proton coupled to a $^6$Li or $^6$He core, respectively. Purpose: We aim to achieve a unified ab initio description of bound-state and continuum properties of $^7$Li by explicitly including simultaneously the coupled mass/charge partitions $^4$He + $^3$H, $^6$Li + $n$, and $^6$He + $p$. Specifically, we investigate the effect of inter-partition coupling on the spectrum of $^7$Li and calculate cross sections for the $^6$Li($n,p)^6$He, $^6$He($p,n)^6$Li, and $^6$He($p,t)^4$He reactions. Method: We employ the no-core shell model with continuum for the first time in a calculation that couples three mass/charge partitions of the aggregate nucleus $^7$Li, using a chiral nucleon-nucleon interaction as input. Results: The calculated spectrum reproduces all the experimentally observed states of $^7$Li in the correct order and predicts additional resonances. The calculation also reproduces the overall energy dependence of the $^6$Li$(n,p)^6$He cross section. Improved agreement with measured cross sections is obtained after phenomenological adjustment of resonance energies. Conclusions: The present results show that coupling the relevant mass/charge partitions is important for a consistent description of the $^7$Li spectrum and reaction cross sections, and offers a useful framework for interpreting existing data and guiding future measurements.