Generative AI and the Future of the Digital Commons: Five Open Questions and Knowledge Gaps

Arman Noroozian; Lorena Aldana; Marta Arisi; Hadi Asghari; Renata Avila; Pietro Giovanni Bizzaro; Ramya Chandrasekhar; Cristian Consonni; Deborah De Angelis; Francesca De Chiara; Maria del Rio-Chanona; Melanie Dulong de Rosnay; Maria Eriksson; Frederic Font; Emilia Gomez; Valérian Guillier; Lisa Gutermuth; David Hartmann; Lucie-Aimée Kaffee; Paul Keller; Felix Stalder; Joao Vinagre; Denny Vrandečić; Amanda Wasielewski

arXiv · 2508.06470

Generative AI and the Future of the Digital Commons: Five Open Questions and Knowledge Gaps

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Abstract

The rapid advancement of Generative AI (GenAI) relies heavily on the digital commons, a vast collection of free and open online content that is created, shared, and maintained by communities. However, this relationship is becoming increasingly strained due to financial burdens, decreased contributions, and misalignment between AI models and community norms. As we move deeper into the GenAI era, it is essential to examine the interdependent relationship between GenAI, the long-term sustainability of the digital commons, and the equity of current AI development practices. We highlight five critical questions that require urgent attention: 1. How can we prevent the digital commons from being threatened by undersupply as individuals cease contributing to the commons and turn to Generative AI for information? 2. How can we mitigate the risk of the open web closing due to restrictions on access to curb AI crawlers? 3. How can technical standards and legal frameworks be updated to reflect the evolving needs of organizations hosting common content? 4. What are the effects of increased synthetic content in open knowledge databases, and how can we ensure their integrity? 5. How can we account for and distribute the infrastructural and environmental costs of providing data for AI training? We emphasize the need for more responsible practices in AI development, recognizing the digital commons not only as content but as a collaborative and decentralized form of knowledge governance, which relies on the practice of "commoning" - making, maintaining, and protecting shared and open resources. Ultimately, our goal is to stimulate discussion and research on the intersection of Generative AI and the digital commons, with the aim of developing an "AI commons" and public infrastructures for AI development that support the long-term health of the digital commons.

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Arman Noroozian, Lorena Aldana, Marta Arisi, Hadi Asghari, Renata Avila, Pietro Giovanni Bizzaro, Ramya Chandrasekhar, Cristian Consonni, Deborah De Angelis, Francesca De Chiara, Maria del Rio-Chanona, Melanie Dulong de Rosnay, Maria Eriksson, Frederic Font, Emilia Gomez, Valérian Guillier, Lisa Gutermuth, David Hartmann, Lucie-Aimée Kaffee, Paul Keller, Felix Stalder, Joao Vinagre, Denny Vrandečić, Amanda Wasielewski. 2025-08-08. Generative AI and the Future of the Digital Commons: Five Open Questions and Knowledge Gaps. https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06470

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