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arXiv · 2509.14977

EchoVLM: Dynamic Mixture-of-Experts Vision-Language Model for Universal Ultrasound Intelligence

Chaoyin She·Ruifang Lu·Lida Chen·Wei Wang·Qinghua Huang
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Abstract

Ultrasound is the preferred early cancer screening modality due to non-ionizing radiation, cost-effectiveness, and real-time imaging, yet conventional diagnosis relies heavily on physician expertise, causing significant subjectivity and limited efficiency. Vision-Language Models (VLMs) show promise but lack ultrasound-specific knowledge and multi-organ generalization. We propose EchoVLM, the first open-source 10-billion-parameter ultrasound-tailored VLM with a Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture. It is infused with knowledge across seven anatomical systems, trained on 208,941 clinical cases, 1.47 million ultrasound key-frame images, and over 100 diseases or imaging findings. Supporting clinical report generation, diagnosis prediction, and Visual Question Answering (VQA), it outperforms Qwen2-VL by 7.58 BLEU-1 and 3.45 ROUGE-1 points in report generation. This work shows substantial potential for establishing a general-purpose ultrasound VLM and lays a technical foundation for clinical translation. Source code and model weights are available at https://github.com/Asunatan/EchoVLM.

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Chaoyin She, Ruifang Lu, Lida Chen, Wei Wang, Qinghua Huang. 2026-07-27. EchoVLM: Dynamic Mixture-of-Experts Vision-Language Model for Universal Ultrasound Intelligence. https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14977

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