Two alternative proofs of weak Harnack inequality for mixed local and nonlocal $p$-Laplace equations with a nonhomogeneity

Abstract

We study a class of mixed local and nonlocal $p$-Laplace equations with prototype \[ -Δ_p u + (-Δ_p)^s u = f \quad \text{in } Ω, \] where $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ is bounded and open. We provide sufficient condition on $f$ to ensure weak Harnack inequality with a tail term for sign-changing supersolutions. Two different proofs are presented, avoiding the Krylov--Safonov covering lemma and expansion of positivity: one via the John--Nirenberg lemma, the other via the Bombieri--Giusti lemma. To our knowledge, these approaches are new, even for $p = 2$ with $f \equiv 0$, and include a new proof of the reverse Hölder inequality for supersolutions. Further, we establish Harnack inequality for solutions by first deriving a local boundedness result, together with a tail estimate and an initial weak Harnack inequality.