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arXiv · 2510.04942

Robust Cislunar Navigation via LFT-Based $\mathcal{H}_\infty$ Filtering with Bearing-Only Measurements

Raktim Bhattacharya
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Abstract

This paper develops a robust estimation framework for cislunar navigation that embeds the Circular Restricted Three-Body Problem (CR3BP) dynamics and bearing-only optical measurements within a Linear Fractional Transformation (LFT) representation. A full-order $\mathcal{H}_\infty$ observer is synthesized with explicit $\mathcal{L}_2$ performance bounds. The formulation yields a nonlinear estimator that operates directly on the governing equations and avoids reliance on local linearizations. Dominant nonlinearities are expressed as structured real uncertainties, while measurement fidelity is represented through range-dependent weighting with Earth-Moon distances reconstructed from line-of-sight geometry. The sensing architecture assumes passive star-tracker-class optical instruments, eliminating the need for time-of-flight ranging or precision clocks. Simulations demonstrate bounded estimation errors and smooth position tracking over multiple orbital periods, with the largest deviations observed in the out-of-plane states, consistent with the stiffness of the vertical dynamics and the limitations of angle-only observability. Application to a Near Rectilinear Halo Orbit (NRHO) illustrates that the framework can achieve robust onboard navigation with bounded estimation errors with flight-representative sensors.

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Raktim Bhattacharya. 2025-10-06. Robust Cislunar Navigation via LFT-Based $\mathcal{H}_\infty$ Filtering with Bearing-Only Measurements. https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04942

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