Gauging the Competition: Understanding Social Comparison and Anxiety through Eye-tracking in Virtual Reality Group Interview

Abstract

Virtual Reality (VR) is a promising tool for interview training, yet the psychological dynamics of group interviews, such as social comparison, remain underexplored. We investigate this phenomenon by developing an immersive VR group interview system and conducting an eye-tracking study with 73 participants. We manipulated peer performance using ambiguous behavioral cues (e.g., hand-raising) and objective information (public test scores) to measure their effect on participants' attention and self-concept. Our results demonstrate a "Big-Fish-Little-Pond Effect" in VR: an increase in high-achieving peer behaviors heightened participants' processing of social comparison information and significantly lowered their self-assessments. The introduction of objective scores further intensified these comparative behaviors. We also found that lower perceived realism of the VR environment correlated with higher anxiety. These findings offer key insights and design considerations for creating more effective and psychologically-aware virtual training environments that account for complex social dynamics.