Procedimiento de auditoría de ciberseguridad para sistemas autónomos: metodología, amenazas y mitigaciones

Adrián Campazas-Vega; Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio; David Sobrín-Hidalgo; Laura Inyesto-Alonso; Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lera; Vicente Matellán-Olivera; Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras

arXiv · 2511.05185

Procedimiento de auditoría de ciberseguridad para sistemas autónomos: metodología, amenazas y mitigaciones

Adrián Campazas-Vega·Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio·David Sobrín-Hidalgo·Laura Inyesto-Alonso·Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lera·Vicente Matellán-Olivera·Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras

View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

The deployment of autonomous systems has experienced remarkable growth in recent years, driven by their integration into sectors such as industry, medicine, logistics, and domestic environments. This expansion is accompanied by a series of security issues that entail significant risks due to the critical nature of autonomous systems, especially those operating in human-interaction environments. Furthermore, technological advancement and the high operational and architectural complexity of autonomous systems have resulted in an increased attack surface. This article presents a specific security auditing procedure for autonomous systems, based on a layer-structured methodology, a threat taxonomy adapted to the robotic context, and a set of concrete mitigation measures. The validity of the proposed approach is demonstrated through four practical case studies applied to representative robotic platforms: the Vision 60 military quadruped from Ghost Robotics, the A1 robot from Unitree Robotics, the UR3 collaborative arm from Universal Robots, and the Pepper social robot from Aldebaran Robotics.

Explore related subjects

cs.RO cs.CR

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeX RIS

Adrián Campazas-Vega, Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio, David Sobrín-Hidalgo, Laura Inyesto-Alonso, Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lera, Vicente Matellán-Olivera, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras. 2025-11-07. Procedimiento de auditoría de ciberseguridad para sistemas autónomos: metodología, amenazas y mitigaciones. https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.05185

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

J-PARSE: Jacobian-based Projection Algorithm for Resolving Singularities Effectively in Inverse Kinematic Control of Serial Manipulators

J-PARSE is an algorithm for smooth first-order inverse kinematic control of a serial manipulator near kinematic singularities. The commanded end-effector velocity is interpreted component-wise, according to the available mobility in each dimension of the task space. First, a substitute ''Safety'' Jacobian matrix is created, keeping the aspect ratio of the manipulability ellipsoid above a threshold value. The desired velocity is then projected onto non-singular and singular directions, and the latter projection scaled down by a factor informed by the altered mobility. A right-inverse of the non-singular Safety Jacobian is applied to the modified command. In the absence of joint limits and collisions, this ensures safe transition into and out of low-mobility configurations, guaranteeing locally stable reaching behavior towards target poses within, on the boundary of, and outside the workspace. The behavior is further guaranteed to be locally asymptotically stable if the starting and target configurations are not exactly singular, even if they are nearly singular. Velocity control with J-PARSE is benchmarked against approaches from the literature, illustrating its use of a single tuning parameter to simultaneously achieve high reaching accuracy and stable behavior. Applications in teleoperation, servoing, and learning are demonstrated. Videos and code are available at https://jparse-manip.github.io/.

cs.RO↗

arXiv2026

NeMo-map: Neural Implicit Flow Fields for Spatio-Temporal Motion Mapping

Safe and efficient robot operation in complex human environments can benefit from good models of site-specific motion patterns. Maps of Dynamics (MoDs) provide such models by encoding statistical motion patterns in a map, but existing representations use discrete spatial sampling and typically require costly offline construction. We propose a continuous spatio-temporal MoD representation based on implicit neural functions that directly map coordinates to the parameters of a Semi-Wrapped Gaussian Mixture Model. This removes the need for discretization and imputation for unevenly sampled regions, enabling smooth generalization across both space and time. Evaluated on two public datasets with real-world people tracking data, our method achieves better accuracy of motion representation and smoother velocity distributions in sparse regions while still being computationally efficient, compared to available baselines. The proposed approach demonstrates a powerful and efficient way of modeling complex human motion patterns and high performance in the trajectory prediction downstream task. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/test-bai-cpu/nemo-map.

cs.RO↗

arXiv2026

Spatiotemporal Calibration of Doppler Velocity Logs for Underwater Robots

The calibration of extrinsic parameters and clock offsets between sensors for high-accuracy performance in underwater SLAM systems remains insufficiently explored. Existing methods for Doppler Velocity Log (DVL) calibration are either constrained to specific sensor configurations or rely on oversimplified assumptions, and none jointly estimate translational extrinsics and time offsets. We propose a Unified Iterative Calibration (UIC) framework for general DVL sensor setups, formulated as a Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) estimation with a Gaussian Process (GP) motion prior for high-fidelity motion interpolation. UIC alternates between efficient GP-based motion state updates and gradient-based calibration variable updates, supported by a provably statistically consistent sequential initialization scheme. The proposed UIC can be applied to IMU, cameras and other modalities as co-sensors. We release an open-source DVL-camera calibration toolbox. Beyond underwater applications, several aspects of UIC-such as the integration of GP priors for MAP-based calibration and the design of provably reliable initialization procedures-are broadly applicable to other multi-sensor calibration problems. Finally, simulations and real-world tests validate our approach.

cs.RO↗