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arXiv · 2512.11775

Hypergraph based Multi-Party Payment Channel

Ayush Nainwal·Atharva Kamble·Nitin Awathare
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Abstract

Public blockchains inherently offer low throughput and high latency, motivating off-chain scalability solutions such as Payment Channel Networks (PCNs). However, existing PCNs suffer from liquidity fragmentation-funds locked in one channel cannot be reused elsewhere-and channel depletion, both of which limit routing efficiency and reduce transaction success rates. Multi-party channel (MPC) constructions mitigate these issues, but they typically rely on leaders or coordinators, creating single points of failure and providing only limited flexibility for inter-channel payments. We introduce Hypergraph-based Multi-Party Payment Channels (COALESCE), a new off-chain construction that replaces bilateral channels with collectively funded hyperedges. These hyperedges enable fully concurrent, leaderless intra- and inter-hyperedge payments through verifiable, proposer-ordered DAG updates, offering significantly greater flexibility and concurrency than prior designs. Hence our, design eliminates routing dependencies, avoids directional liquidity lock-up, and does not require central monitoring services such as watchtowers. Our implementation on a 150-node intra-hyperedge achieves a transaction success rate of approximately 94% under heavy load (larger payment sizes), while full hyperedge evaluation over a 15,000-node network sustains success rates in the range of 85% to 95%, without HTLC expiry or routing failures, highlighting the robustness of COALESCE.

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Ayush Nainwal, Atharva Kamble, Nitin Awathare. 2026-06-02. Hypergraph based Multi-Party Payment Channel. https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.11775

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