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arXiv · 2512.19193

The IXPE and multifrequency polarimetric view of the extreme blazars 1ES 1101-232 and RGB J0710+591

Fabrizio Tavecchio·Dawoon E. Kim·Gabriel Emery·Ioannis Liodakis·Iván Agudo·Paolo Coppi·Giampiero Tagliaferri·Laura Di Gesu·Tullia Sbarrato·Lucia Ballo·Alberto Sciaccaluga·Steven R. Ehlert·Giacomo Bonnoli·Francisco José Aceituno·Carolina Casadio·Víctor Casanova·Immacolata Donnarumma·Juan Escudero·Daniel Morcuende·Jorge Otero-Santos·Alfredo Sota·Vilppu Piirola·Pouya M. Kouch·Elina Lindfors·Kari Nilsson·Ioannis Myserlis·Mark Gurwell·Garrett Keating·Ramprasad Rao·Emmanouil Angelakis·Alexander Kraus·Ryo Imazawa·Mahito Sasada·Yasushi Fukazawa·Koji S. Kawabata·Makoto Uemura·Tsunefumi Mizuno·Tatsuya Nakaoka·Sumie Tochihara·Takahiro Akai·Hiroshi Akitaya·Rumen Bachev·Anton Strigachev·Petra Benke·Lena Debbrecht·Julia Eich·Florian Eppel·Andrea Gokus·Steven Hämmerich·Jonas Heßdörfer·Matthias Kadler·Sanghyun Kim·Dana Kirchner·Georgios Filippos Paraschos·Florian Rösch·Wladislaw Schulga
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Abstract

Multiwavelength polarimetry is a powerful tool to probe magnetic field and flow geometries in the relativistic jets of blazars. In this respect, particularly interesting are the sources whose synchrotron emission covers a broad range of frequencies, from radio to X-rays, such as the BL Lac objects of the HSP type. Previous measurements including radio, optical and X-ray data show a clear trend, with the degree of polarization increasing with frequency. Here we report radio, optical and X-ray observations ($Swift$, $Nustar$ and $IXPE$) of 1ES 1101-232 and RGB J0710+591, two blazars belonging to the puzzling subclass of extreme BL Lacs (EHBL). For 1ES 1101-232 we found a strong frequency-dependency of the degree of polarization (with a ratio $Π_X/Π_O\simeq 5.2$). For RGB J0710+591, IXPE derived a 1$σ$ upper limit $Π_X<11.6\%$, comparable with the measured optical degree of polarization (average $Π_O\sim 12\%$). We discuss the results in the framework of current interpretations and, in particular, we report an improved version of the stratified shock model that is able to reproduce the observed data of both sources.

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Fabrizio Tavecchio, Dawoon E. Kim, Gabriel Emery, Ioannis Liodakis, Iván Agudo, Paolo Coppi, Giampiero Tagliaferri, Laura Di Gesu, Tullia Sbarrato, Lucia Ballo, Alberto Sciaccaluga, Steven R. Ehlert, Giacomo Bonnoli, Francisco José Aceituno, Carolina Casadio, Víctor Casanova, Immacolata Donnarumma, Juan Escudero, Daniel Morcuende, Jorge Otero-Santos, Alfredo Sota, Vilppu Piirola, Pouya M. Kouch, Elina Lindfors, Kari Nilsson, Ioannis Myserlis, Mark Gurwell, Garrett Keating, Ramprasad Rao, Emmanouil Angelakis, Alexander Kraus, Ryo Imazawa, Mahito Sasada, Yasushi Fukazawa, Koji S. Kawabata, Makoto Uemura, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Tatsuya Nakaoka, Sumie Tochihara, Takahiro Akai, Hiroshi Akitaya, Rumen Bachev, Anton Strigachev, Petra Benke, Lena Debbrecht, Julia Eich, Florian Eppel, Andrea Gokus, Steven Hämmerich, Jonas Heßdörfer, Matthias Kadler, Sanghyun Kim, Dana Kirchner, Georgios Filippos Paraschos, Florian Rösch, Wladislaw Schulga. 2026-03-24. The IXPE and multifrequency polarimetric view of the extreme blazars 1ES 1101-232 and RGB J0710+591. https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.19193

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