Low-energy scattering of the $J/ψπ$ and $J/ψK$ system

Abstract

We investigate the low-energy interactions between the charmonium state $J/ψ$ and the light pseudoscalar mesons ($π$ and $K$) within the framework of dispersion relations. We demonstrate that the symmetry-breaking terms in the chiral Lagrangian induce mixing between the bare charmonium fields, necessitating a diagonalization procedure to correctly identify the physical $J/ψ$ and $ψ'$ states. Using the resulting diagonalized Lagrangian, we construct the crossed-channel amplitudes for $J/ψJ/ψ\to {\cal P}\bar{\cal P}$ and incorporate the $ππ$ and $K\bar{K}$ rescattering effects through dispersion relations. This framework is used consistently both in the phenomenological extraction of the transition parameters from $ψ' \to J/ψππ$ and in the continuation of the crossed amplitudes to the near-threshold $J/ψ{\cal P}~({\cal P}=π,K)$ region. As a result, we determine both the scattering lengths and the effective ranges. We obtain the upper-bound estimates $a_{J/ψπ}\lesssim -0.0037$~fm and $a_{J/ψK}\lesssim -0.049$~fm, where the negative sign indicates an attractive interaction without a bound state in our convention. Our results show that the $J/ψK$ interaction is moderately enhanced relative to the pion channel, driven by explicit chiral symmetry breaking. Furthermore, a quantitative comparison of the coupled-channel mechanism, where $J/ψπ$ and $J/ψK$ couple to open-charm channels, reveals that both $J/ψπ$ and $J/ψK$ scatterings are predominantly governed by the soft-gluon exchange mechanism.