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arXiv · 2602.12433

DRAMatic Speedup: Accelerating HE Operations on a Processing-in-Memory System

Niklas Klinger·Jonas Sander·Peterson Yuhala·Pascal Felber·Thomas Eisenbarth
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Abstract

Homomorphic encryption (HE) is a promising technology for confidential cloud computing, as it allows computations on encrypted data. However, HE is computationally expensive and often memory-bound on conventional computer architectures. Processing-in-Memory (PIM) is an alternative hardware architecture that integrates processing units and memory on the same chip or memory module. PIM enables higher memory bandwidth than conventional architectures and could thus be suitable for accelerating HE. We present DRAMatic, which implements operations foundational to HE on UPMEM PIM -- a programmable general-purpose PIM system developed by UPMEM. DRAMatic incorporates many arithmetic optimizations, including residue number system and number-theoretic transform techniques, and can support the large parameters required for secure homomorphic evaluations. It achieves a 334 times speed-up compared to previous HE implementations on UPMEM PIM. We also evaluate DRAMatic against Microsoft SEAL, a popular open-source HE library, regarding both runtime and energy efficiency. The results show that DRAMatic significantly closes the gap between Microsoft SEAL and HE implementations on UPMEM PIM. However, we also show that DRAMatic is currently constrained by data transfer overhead and limited multiplication performance on UPMEM PIM hardware. Finally, we discuss potential hardware extensions to UPMEM PIM.

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Niklas Klinger, Jonas Sander, Peterson Yuhala, Pascal Felber, Thomas Eisenbarth. 2026-02-12. DRAMatic Speedup: Accelerating HE Operations on a Processing-in-Memory System. https://doi.org/10.62056/ahp2fh888

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