Search arXiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 2602.14900

Review of prototypes developed in a 65 nm CMOS imaging technology in view of vertexing applications at a future lepton collider

Finn King·Matthew Lewis Franks·Yajun He·Gianpiero Vignola·Simon Spannagel·Malte Backhaus·Auguste Besson·Dominik Dannheim·Andrei Dorokhov·Ingrid-Maria Gregor·Fadoua Guezzi-Messaoud·Lennart Huth·Armin Ilg·Zdenko Janoska·Monika Kuncova·Anna Macchiolo·Frédéric Morel·Sara Ruiz Daza·Roberto Russo·Judith Schlaadt·Serhiy Senyukov·Peter Švihra·Anastasiia Velyka·Håkan Wennlöf
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

The OCTOPUS project addresses the development and characterization of monolithic active pixel sensors in the TPSCo 65 nm ISC technology in view of vertexing applications at a future lepton collider. Meeting the corresponding requirements -- outlined in the ECFA detector road map -- will necessitate the simulation, design, and testing of prototypes and a demonstrator chip in this very process. This work reviews the literature on existing prototypes, summarizing their design characteristics, properties, and performance in charged-particle detection, and provides an overview of previous simulation efforts. The presented results suggest the feasibility of the endeavor while showcasing challenges, the need for further investigations, and providing a foundation for imminent design choices.

Explore related subjects

physics.ins-det

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Finn King, Matthew Lewis Franks, Yajun He, Gianpiero Vignola, Simon Spannagel, Malte Backhaus, Auguste Besson, Dominik Dannheim, Andrei Dorokhov, Ingrid-Maria Gregor, Fadoua Guezzi-Messaoud, Lennart Huth, Armin Ilg, Zdenko Janoska, Monika Kuncova, Anna Macchiolo, Frédéric Morel, Sara Ruiz Daza, Roberto Russo, Judith Schlaadt, Serhiy Senyukov, Peter Švihra, Anastasiia Velyka, Håkan Wennlöf. 2026-02-16. Review of prototypes developed in a 65 nm CMOS imaging technology in view of vertexing applications at a future lepton collider. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2026.171672

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

Mortality of ultra-thin LGADs and PiN diodes from high energy deposition

Low Gain Avalanche Diodes are prime candidates for high-resolution timing applications in High Energy Physics, Nuclear science, and several other fields. Operating these devices in high-radiation environments presents various hazards, including the risk of their permanent degradation or destruction caused by effects such as Single Event Burnout. Studies using minimum ionizing particles found a greatly reduced Single Event Burnout risk by operating below a bias voltage corresponding to an average electric field of 12 V/$μ$m - however, as high energy particle colliders produce a wide energy spectrum of radiation, it is crucial to understand this phenomenon and other possible damage mechanisms at energy deposition levels greater than those of minimum ionizing particles. This was achieved by pre-irradiating LGADs and PiN diodes with active thicknesses of 20, 30, and 50 $μ$m up to 1.5 $\times$ 10$^{15}$ $\mathrm{n_{eq}/cm^2}$, and exposing them to beams of protons and heavy ions (C, O, Fe, Au) at the BNL Tandem van de Graaff accelerator. Several mortality categories were observed, defined by different electrical and mechanical damage signatures. This furthers our understanding of permanent radiation damage of silicon devices, crucial towards mitigating Single Event Burnout and other damage mechanisms to safely operate future detectors.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2026

Small but Tubby: A Magnetic Loop Antenna Made from 100 mm Copper Tubing

This paper presents the electrical model, key equations, and practical construction of a small transmitting magnetic loop antenna built from unusually large 100 mm diameter copper tubing. The large conductor surface area and wide-area transitions to the vacuum capacitors were designed to minimize resistive losses. The frequency range from 1.8 MHz to 31 MHz is unusually wide. Frequency, impedance matching, and azimuth are all adjusted automatically by servo motors. Indoor losses originate predominantly from near-field coupling to the environment rather than from the antenna itself. Temperature-rise measurements confirm that the bulk of the dissipated power is absorbed by the environment, not by the antenna components. The conducted H-field measurements demonstrate good agreement between the measured H-field and the theoretical free-space H-field calculated from the antenna geometry and an estimated loop current. The loop current was estimated from the measured antenna bandwidth and the applied transmit power. The antenna was developed for indoor operation where outdoor installation is not possible.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2026

Construction and characterisation of the DarkSide-20k veto silicon photo-multiplier tiles

Silicon photo-multipliers (SiPMs) are state-of-the-art sensors capable of detecting a single photoelectron under cryogenic conditions, with potentially lower radioactivity than widely used photomultiplier tubes. The DarkSide-20k experiment, designed to perform direct dark matter searches using liquid argon as the target material, employs SiPM technology to detect interactions in the active detector volumes, including the central dual-phase Time Projection Chamber and the Inner and Outer Veto volumes. The vetoes are designed to discriminate against radiogenic neutron and cosmic muon backgrounds associated with the dark matter search. This paper describes the completed production and test protocols for the "Veto Tiles" (called vTiles, arrays of 24 SiPMs integrated on a printed circuit board providing the power distribution and signal amplification); 16 vTiles are grouped into "Veto Photo-Detector Units" to instrument the Inner Veto volume. Each vTile underwent detailed testing at room and cryogenic temperatures, confirming stable operation, high signal-to-noise ratio, and low radioactive contamination, demonstrating the robustness of the proposed design for cryogenic conditions. The final production yield exceeded 87%, surpassing the 80% requirement and corresponding to 1920 Veto Tiles to populate 120 Veto Photo-Detector Units, plus an additional 6% as spares.

physics.ins-det↗