Communication Network-Aware Missing Data Recovery for Enhanced Distribution Grid Visibility

Abstract

Power distribution systems increasingly rely on dense sensor networks for real-time monitoring, yet unreliable communication links and equipment malfunctions often result in missing or incomplete measurement sets at the operating center, requiring accurate data recovery techniques. Most existing approaches operate solely on the available measurements and overlook the role of the communication network that delivers sensor data, leading to large, spatially correlated losses when multiple sensors share failing communication links. This paper proposes a communication-aware framework that integrates routing constraints with low-rank matrix completion to improve data recovery accuracy under communication failures. Sensors are grouped into balanced clusters, and routing paths are designed to limit intracluster sensors sharing a common communication path, preventing complete data loss within any cluster. The remaining measurements for each cluster are then recovered using an optimal singular value thresholding (OSVT) method. Simulation results on the IEEE standard test feeder with real-world data demonstrate that the proposed framework significantly improves recovery accuracy compared to communication-agnostic, measurement-only methods.