RiO-DETR: DETR for Real-time Oriented Object Detection

Zhangchi Hu; Yifan Zhao; Yansong Peng; Wenzhang Sun; Xiangchen Yin; Jie Chen; Peixi Wu; Hebei Li; Xinghao Wang; Dongsheng Jiang; Xiaoyan Sun

arXiv · 2603.09411

RiO-DETR: DETR for Real-time Oriented Object Detection

Zhangchi Hu·Yifan Zhao·Yansong Peng·Wenzhang Sun·Xiangchen Yin·Jie Chen·Peixi Wu·Hebei Li·Xinghao Wang·Dongsheng Jiang·Xiaoyan Sun

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Abstract

We present RiO-DETR: DETR for Real-time Oriented Object Detection, the first real-time oriented detection transformer to the best of our knowledge. Adapting DETR to oriented bounding boxes (OBBs) poses three challenges: semantics-dependent orientation, angle periodicity that breaks standard Euclidean refinement, and an enlarged search space that slows convergence. RiO-DETR resolves these issues with task-native designs while preserving real-time efficiency. First, we propose Content-Driven Angle Estimation by decoupling angle from positional queries, together with Rotation-Rectified Orthogonal Attention to capture complementary cues for reliable orientation. Second, Decoupled Periodic Refinement combines bounded coarse-to-fine updates with a Shortest-Path Periodic Loss for stable learning across angular seams. Third, Oriented Dense O2O injects angular diversity into dense supervision to speed up angle convergence at no extra cost. Extensive experiments on DOTA-1.0, DIOR-R, and FAIR-1M-2.0 demonstrate RiO-DETR establishes a new speed--accuracy trade-off for real-time oriented detection. GitHub Repository: https://github.com/RicePasteM/RiO-DETR.

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BibTeX RIS

Zhangchi Hu, Yifan Zhao, Yansong Peng, Wenzhang Sun, Xiangchen Yin, Jie Chen, Peixi Wu, Hebei Li, Xinghao Wang, Dongsheng Jiang, Xiaoyan Sun. 2026-07-30. RiO-DETR: DETR for Real-time Oriented Object Detection. https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.09411

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